The St Matthew Passion, BWV 244, (German: Matthäus-Passion), is a
musical composition written by Johann Sebastian Bach in 1727 for solo
voices, double choir and double orchestra, with libretto by Picander
(Christian Friedrich Henrici). It sets chapters 26 and 27 of the Gospel
of Matthew to music, with interspersed chorales and arias. It is widely
regarded as one of the masterpieces of classical sacred music. The
original Latin title Passio Domini Nostri J.C. Secundum Evangelistam
Matthaeum translates to: The Passion of our Lord J.C. after the
Evangelist Matthew. It is also rendered in English as St. Matthew
Passion and in German as Matthäuspassion.
Although Bach
wrote four (or five) settings of the Passion only two have survived;
the other is the St John Passion. The St Matthew Passion was probably
first performed on Good Friday (11 April) 1727 in the Thomaskirche in
Leipzig, where Bach was the Kapellmeister. He revised it by 1736,
performing it again on 30 March 1736, this time including two organs in
the instrumentation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Matthew_Passion
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